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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
全网都在求止咳，医生紧急提醒千万别乱吃药！****** #你还在咳咳咳吗# #一直咳嗽会引发肺炎吗# 近日 多条与咳嗽相关的词条登上热搜 很多网友反应，自己阳了十多天都转阴了，却还是咳嗽不止。有网友担心，一直咳嗽会不会咳成肺炎？ 对此，武汉市中医医院肺系病科副主任医师卢丽君表示，咳嗽本身不会引起肺炎，肺炎却会导致咳嗽。 感染新冠病毒后，即使核酸和抗原显示阴性，咳嗽的症状却依然没有消失，有的还比较严重，主要是因为奥密克戎病毒感染后损伤了呼吸道黏膜。 咳嗽是人体的一种保护机制，感染后咳嗽是许多呼吸道病毒感染都会出现的情况，一般情况下不必过于紧张。 医生提醒：不要盲目使用止咳药 咳嗽不止怎么办？能否使用止咳药？对此，医生提醒，不要一咳嗽就用止咳药，止咳药使用不当，反而会加重感染，甚至导致肺炎。 “如果一咳嗽，就用中枢性镇咳药将咳止住，表面上看起来咳嗽是停了，但如果本身的感染没有得到控制，气道内的分泌物会越聚越多，甚至引起气道阻塞，有可能激发新的细菌感染，严重时会进一步诱发支气管炎或肺炎。”北京儿童医院呼吸科主任医师刘秀云指出。 咳嗽应该怎么用药？ 1.轻度咳嗽不需镇咳，对一般咳嗽的治疗应以祛痰为主，不宜单纯使用镇咳药。但严重的咳嗽或咳嗽明显影响生活质量时，则可适当服用镇咳药。 2.如果咳嗽伴有多痰，应与祛痰剂合用，以利于痰液排出和加强镇咳效果。对痰液特别多的湿性咳嗽，应谨慎用药，以免痰液排出受阻而滞留于呼吸道内或加重感染。 3.儿童一般应少用镇咳药，多痰或肺瘀血患儿禁用。对于剧烈咳嗽或伴有胸痛和高张性气胸患儿，可给予镇咳药，但必须禁用具有成瘾性的中枢镇咳药物(如可待因及含有可待因成分的复方制剂)。 4.老年人若出现咳嗽、无痰或少痰等症状，可酌情使用右美沙芬、喷托维林或苯丙哌林等镇咳剂。 5.使用镇咳药时要注意药物的不良反应，应用复方制剂时要了解其成分，注意每种成分的禁忌证，多种成分之间的相互作用，同时还要避免重复用药。 总之，咳嗽是一种有益的保护性反射，过早应用止咳药不利于痰液排出。如果不能明确病因，别擅自选用止咳药。 来源：央广网综合新黄河新闻客户端 本期编辑：毛嘉淇 (央广网微信公众号) （文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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